Introduction
Sexually transmitted infections are serious conditions that may occur after having unprotected sex. More than 30 viruses can be spread to another person through close contact. Not just only sexual contact, some viruses can be spread from the mother to the child during pregnancy or childbirth. Some STIs do not need much treatment and may go away on their own, while some viruses can become life-threatening. That is why it is important to learn about the symptoms and prevention of STIs.
What causes sexually transmitted infections?
Sexually transmitted infections occur when bacteria, viruses or pathogens enter the body. Several viruses spread through close and sexual contact. These viruses spread through bodily fluids like urine, blood, saliva, and semen. They can spread during any kind of sexual activity.
What are the complications of STI?
Some types of sexually transmitted infections can become lifelong sexually transmitted diseases if left untreated. Common complications of untreated sexually transmitted infection may include the following:
- HIV can lead to AIDS which is a life-long condition
- Syphilis can damage the nervous system and affect a developing fetus
- Increased risk of spreading the infections to your partner
The common STI complications in women include the following:
- Severe pelvic pain
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Infertility
- Ectopic pregnancy
Untreated STIs in men can lead to:
- Swollen testicles
- Infections in the prostate and urethra
- Infertility
How sexually transmitted infections are diagnosed?
Generally, healthcare providers detect sexually transmitted infections with physical examinations and diagnostic tests. To diagnose a sexually transmitted infection, your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and sexual history. It is essential to answer your doctor honestly to get better help. If you get a positive test report, your doctor will also suggest that your partner get tested.
7 best ways to prevent sexually transmitted disease
One of the most effective ways to prevent getting sexually transmitted infections is to avoid unprotected sex. However, if you are sexually active then you can:
- Always wear latex condoms whenever you are getting involved in any kind of sex.
- Choose your partner carefully. If you suspect that your partner might have an STI infection then avoid having sex.
- Avoid having any kind of sex with new partners till you both are tested with an STD panel test.
- Avoid drinking alcohol or taking any kind of drugs before getting involved in any sexual activities, because in most cases, people under the influence may get involved in sexual activities without taking any precautions.
- Learn about STI symptoms, so that if you notice having any STI symptoms, consult your doctor as soon as possible.
- You can get vaccinated to prevent certain types of STI infections. Vaccinations are available against human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis A and hepatitis B.
- Before going for any kind of sexual activity, make sure to talk with your partner about practicing safer sex.
Conclusion
Sexually transmitted infections spread through bodily fluids, including blood, saliva and semen. Some STI types can go away on their own, while some become sexually transmitted diseases that can lead to serious complications. That is why you should get regular testing to prevent STIs.
